HSC Psychology : Ten Sample Give Reasons from Chapter 1 : Intelligence

Sample Question (1) - Man achieves new horizons through his progress while animals do not.

Sample Answer - Man has the gift of intelligence which is the unique and highest attribute of human species. He uses this supreme talent to achieve development. Animals do not have intelligence and therefore, their life is monotonous. Therefore, man achieves new horizons through his progress while animals do not.

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Sample Question (2) - There is no universally accepted definition of intelligence.

Sample Answer - Different aspects of intelligence are experienced in our daily routine such as the talent of speaking, writing, singing, etc. All these abilities and many more are factors in what is called intelligence. Therefore, there is no universally accepted definition of the word intelligence.

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Sample Question (3) - To define intelligence has been and still is an unanswered question.

Sample Answer - Intelligence comprises of various abilities. People are considered intelligent to the degree thay have these abilities such as writing, speaking, calculating, etc. A person may be strong in certain abilities and weak in others. Therefore, to define intelligence is still an unanswered question.

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Sample Question (4) - There was a lacunae in the earlier definitions of intelligence.

Sample Answer - Though there were several early definitions of intelligence, they gave an incomplete picture of intelligence since each of them focused on a single aspect. For example, some suggested that intelligence is the ability to learn while others proposed that it is the ability to deal with abstractions. Therefore, there was a lacunae in the definitions of intelligence.

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Sample Question (5) - Gardner proposed a theory of multiple intelligences.

Sample Answer - According to Gardner, intelligence is not a single entity but distinct types of intelligences, all independent of each other. Also, if a person exhibits one type of intelligence, it does not indicate that he is low or high on other types of intelligences. Thus, Gardner proposed a theory of multiple intelligences.

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Sample Question (6) - Galton’s tests did not prove to be very useful.

Sample Answer - Galton studied 9000 visitors to the London exhibition in 1884 and concluded that eminent British Scientists could not be distinguished on basis of their head size. He also found that their reaction time measures were not much related to other measures. Therefore, Galton’s tests did not prove to be very useful.

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Sample Question (7) - Binet is considered to be the ‘Father of Intelligence Tests.’

Sample Answer - School authorities in Paris they asked Binet to devise a test that would detect children who were unlikely to meet the expected level of performance at the examination. He then developed the first test of intelligence in 1905. Thus, Binet is considered to be the ‘Father of Intelligence Tests.’

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Sample Question (8) -  In 1911, the intelligence movement in France received a considerable setback.

Sample Answer - On request of Paris school authorities to detect students who were likely to perform poorly in school, in collaboration with a colleague Simon, Binet developed the first scale of intelligence in 1905. They revised this test in 1908 and again in 1911. Binet died in 1911. With his death, the intelligence movement in France received a considerable setback.

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Sample Question (9) - Wechsler developed new scales of intelligence.

Sample Answer - Wechsler felt that the Binet scales of intelligence were too verbally loaded for use with adults. He wanted to develop a series of scales to measure both verbal and non verbal abilities for use with children and adults. Therefore, Wechsler developed new scales of intelligence.

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 Sample Question (10) - If a 5 year old boy does as well on an intelligence test as the average child of 7, then his mental age is 7.

Sample Answer - Mental Age (M.A.), a concept developed by Binet, is defined as a measure of mental development as determined by intelligence tests. It is expressed as the chronological age at which that level of development is typically attained. Therefore, if a 5 year old boy does as well on an intelligence test as the average child of 7, then his mental age is 7.

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